Contents | Science 378, 6616

COVER Like many viruses, SARS-CoV-2 deploys a molecular arsenal to neutralize the host's immune response. Many of the viral proteins shown here suppress steps in the body’s interferon response, for example (the arrangement and colors of the proteins indicate which genes encode them). An interactive version of the news feature can be found online at https://scim.ag/ViralArsenal. See page 128.

Illustration: V. Altounian, C. Bickel, K. Franklin/Science; Data: see https://scim.ag/ViralArsenal

Science

Volume 378|
Issue 6616|
14 Oct 2022

Illustration: V. Altounian, C. Bickel, K. Franklin/Science; Data: see https://scim.ag/ViralArsenal

Editorial

Beyond nuclear deterrence

BY
- Stephen Herzog
13 Oct 2022: 115
FULL ACCESS

Stop passing the buck on intro science

BY
- H. Holden Thorp
07 Oct 2022: 117
FULL ACCESS

News

In Brief

News at a glance

13 Oct 2022: 118-119

In Depth

Indonesia tightens grip on conservation science

BY
- Dyna Rochmyaningsih
13 Oct 2022: 120-121

Five foreign scientists banned after critical op-ed; animal population estimates shelved

Secrets of Tibet’s hot-spring snakes revealed

BY
- Elizabeth Pennisi
13 Oct 2022: 121-122

Mutations helped animals adapt to extreme temperatures, low oxygen

Fireball is traced to far edge of Solar System

BY
- Eric Hand
13 Oct 2022: 123

Rocky meteor suggests distant cloud of comets also contains asteroids

Climate change threatens supercomputers

BY
- Jacklin Kwan
13 Oct 2022: 124

Costly adaptations help stave off effects of wildfires, storms, and hot weather

Molecular links snap up award

BY
- Daniel Clery
- Robert F. Service
13 Oct 2022: 125

Trio of researchers pioneered “click chemistry” to design drugs and industrial materials

Evidence backs natural origin for pandemic, report asserts

BY
- Jon Cohen
13 Oct 2022: 126

Authors were dropped from broader Lancet review

Feature

A viral arsenal

BY
- Mitch Leslie
13 Oct 2022: 128-131

SARS-CoV-2 wields versatile proteins to foil our immune system’s counterattack

Insights

Perspectives

Recycling plastic using a hybrid process

BY
- Ning Yan
13 Oct 2022: 132-133
NO ACCESS

Integrating oxidation and bioconversion provides a solution to recycle mixed plastics

Counting charges per metal nanoparticle

BY
- Chuanbo Gao
- Osamu Terasaki
13 Oct 2022: 133-134
NO ACCESS

Charges on a metal nanoparticle are measured with precision by electron holography

Developing pig-to-human organ transplants

BY
- Megan Sykes
13 Oct 2022: 135-136
NO ACCESS

Recent advances raise hope for a promising solution to the transplant organ shortage

Reconstructing CO₂ fixation from the past

BY
- Robert E. Sharwood
13 Oct 2022: 137-138
NO ACCESS

Analysis of Rubisco evolution could inform how to engineer a better enzyme

Hydrogen power gets a boost

BY
- Ting Ma
- Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
13 Oct 2022: 138-139
NO ACCESS

A fuel cell gains more power from ion-conducting, porous covalent organic frameworks

Creating a window into the mind

BY
- Timo van Kerkoerle
- Martijn A. Cloos
13 Oct 2022: 139-140
NO ACCESS

A noninvasive imaging technique measures neuronal activity at a millisecond time scale

Policy Forum

Data sharing and community-engaged research

BY
- Maya Sabatello
- Daphne O. Martschenko
- Mildred K. Cho
- Kyle B. Brothers
13 Oct 2022: 141-143
NO ACCESS

Data sharing must be accompanied by responsibility sharing

Books et al.

Justice meets social science

BY
- James M. Jones
13 Oct 2022: 144
NO ACCESS

A pair of authors urge readers to confront society’s shortcomings and build a better future

Natural monuments

BY
- D. W. Stahle
13 Oct 2022: 145
NO ACCESS

Reverence for old trees sparked early forest conservation efforts, even as ancient woodlands were cut with impunity

Letters

Expand native vegetation in Chile’s cities

BY
- Juan L. Celis-Diez
- Nélida Pohl
13 Oct 2022: 147
NO ACCESS

Chile’s monoculture plantations must adapt

BY
- Pablo J. Donoso
- Daniel P. Soto
- Celso Navarro
- Yasna Rojas
13 Oct 2022: 147-148
NO ACCESS

Lessons from extinctions of dugong populations

BY
- Mingli Lin
- Samuel T. Turvey
- Mingming Liu
- Heidi Ma
- Songhai Li
13 Oct 2022: 148
NO ACCESS

Research

Research Highlights

In Science Journals

BY
- Michael A. Funk
- Peter Stern
- Brent Grocholski
- L. Bryan Ray
- Pamela J. Hines
- Marc S. Lavine
- Caitlin Czajka
- Wei Wong
- Stella M. Hurtley
- Gemma Alderton
- Phil Szuromi
- Claire Olingy
13 Oct 2022: 149-150
Free

Highlights from the Science family of journals

In Other Journals

BY
- Di Jiang
- Brad Wible
- Mattia Maroso
- Priscilla N. Kelly
- Michael A. Funk
- Ekeoma Uzogara
- Jelena Stajic
13 Oct 2022: 150-151
Free

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature

Research Articles

A bacterial phospholipid phosphatase inhibits host pyroptosis by hijacking ubiquitin

BY
- Qiyao Chai
- Shanshan Yu
- Yanzhao Zhong
- Zhe Lu
- Changgen Qiu
- Yang Yu
- Xinwen Zhang
- Yong Zhang
- Zehui Lei
- Lihua Qiang
- Bing-Xi Li
- Yu Pang
- Xiao-Bo Qiu
- Jing Wang
- Cui Hua Liu
14 Oct 2022
NO ACCESS

A mycobacterial phosphatase binds ubiquitin to alter host membrane phospholipids to subvert gasdermin D–mediated cell death.

Abstract

The inflammasome-mediated cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD) causes pyroptosis and inflammatory cytokine release to control pathogen infection, but how pathogens evade this immune response remains largely unexplored. Here we identify the known protein ...

Activation mechanism of the mouse cold-sensing TRPM8 channel by cooling agonist and PIP₂

BY
- Ying Yin
- Feng Zhang
- Shasha Feng
- Kevin John Butay
- Mario J. Borgnia
- Wonpil Im
- Seok-Yong Lee
14 Oct 2022
NO ACCESS

An open-state structure reveals how cold sensing channels can be activated by chemicals.

Abstract

The transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel is the primary molecular transducer responsible for the cool sensation elicited by menthol and cold in mammals. TRPM8 activation is controlled by cooling compounds together with the membrane ...

Evolution of increased complexity and specificity at the dawn of form I Rubiscos

BY
- Luca Schulz
- Zhijun Guo
- Jan Zarzycki
- Wieland Steinchen
- Jan M. Schuller
- Thomas Heimerl
- Simone Prinz
- Oliver Mueller-Cajar
- Tobias J. Erb
- Georg K. A. Hochberg
13 Oct 2022: 155-160
NO ACCESS

Ancestral sequence reconstruction reveals how recruiting a new subunit primes form I Rubiscos for rising atmospheric oxygen.

Abstract

The evolution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenases (Rubiscos) that discriminate strongly between their substrate carbon dioxide and the undesired side substrate dioxygen was an important event for photosynthetic organisms adapting to an ...

In vivo direct imaging of neuronal activity at high temporospatial resolution

BY
- Phan Tan Toi
- Hyun Jae Jang
- Kyeongseon Min
- Sung-Phil Kim
- Seung-Kyun Lee
- Jongho Lee
- Jeehyun Kwag
- Jang-Yeon Park
13 Oct 2022: 160-168
NO ACCESS

A noninvasive neuroimaging method allows direct mapping of neuronal action potentials in a living mouse brain with high resolution.

Abstract

There has been a long-standing demand for noninvasive neuroimaging methods that can detect neuronal activity at both high temporal and high spatial resolution. We present a two-dimensional fast line-scan approach that enables direct imaging of neuronal ...

Simultaneous electrical and thermal rectification in a monolayer lateral heterojunction

BY
- Yufeng Zhang
- Qian Lv
- Haidong Wang
- Shuaiyi Zhao
- Qihua Xiong
- Ruitao Lv
- Xing Zhang
13 Oct 2022: 169-175
NO ACCESS

A monolayer heterostructure rectifier was developed to obtain simultaneous electrical and thermal rectification.

Abstract

Efficient waste heat dissipation has become increasingly challenging as transistor size has decreased to nanometers. As governed by universal Umklapp phonon scattering, the thermal conductivity of semiconductors decreases at higher temperatures and causes ...

Peptide ligand-mediated trade-off between plant growth and stress response

BY
- Mari Ogawa-Ohnishi
- Tomohide Yamashita
- Mitsuru Kakita
- Takuya Nakayama
- Yuri Ohkubo
- Yoko Hayashi
- Yasuko Yamashita
- Taizo Nomura
- Saki Noda
- Hidefumi Shinohara
- Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi
13 Oct 2022: 175-180
NO ACCESS

A ligand deprivation–dependent activation system helps plants tune stress responses near damaged sites.

Abstract

Deciding whether to grow or to divert energy to stress responses is a major physiological trade-off for plants surviving in fluctuating environments. We show that three leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (LRR-RKs) act as direct ligand-perceiving ...

Covalent organic framework–based porous ionomers for high-performance fuel cells

BY
- Qingnuan Zhang
- Shuda Dong
- Pengpeng Shao
- Yuhao Zhu
- Zhenjie Mu
- Dafei Sheng
- Teng Zhang
- Xin Jiang
- Ruiwen Shao
- Zhixin Ren
- Jing Xie
- Xiao Feng
- Bo Wang
13 Oct 2022: 181-186
NO ACCESS

Adding a sulfonated ionic covalent organic framework into the Nafion ionomer improves gas transport to the catalyst layer.

Abstract

Lowering platinum (Pt) loadings without sacrificing power density and durability in fuel cells is highly desired yet challenging because of the high mass transport resistance near the catalyst surfaces. We tailored the three-phase microenvironment by ...

Real-time dynamic single-molecule protein sequencing on an integrated semiconductor device

BY
- Brian D. Reed
- Michael J. Meyer
- Valentin Abramzon
- Omer Ad, [email protected]
- Omer Ad
- Pat Adcock
- Faisal R. Ahmad
- Gün Alppay
- James A. Ball
- James Beach
- Dominique Belhachemi
- Anthony Bellofiore
- Michael Bellos
- Juan Felipe Beltrán
- Andrew Betts
- Mohammad Wadud Bhuiya
- Kristin Blacklock
- Robert Boer
- David Boisvert
- Norman D. Brault
- Aaron Buxbaum
- Steve Caprio
- Changhoon Choi
- Thomas D. Christian
- Robert Clancy
- Joseph Clark
- Thomas Connolly
- Kathren Fink Croce
- Richard Cullen
- Mel Davey
- Jack Davidson
- Mohamed M. Elshenawy
- Michael Ferrigno
- Daniel Frier
- Saketh Gudipati
- Stephanie Hamill
- Zhaoyu He
- Sharath Hosali
- Haidong Huang
- Le Huang
- Ali Kabiri
- Gennadiy Kriger
- Brittany Lathrop
- An Li
- Peter Lim
- Stephen Liu
- Feixiang Luo
- Caixia Lv
- Xiaoxiao Ma
- Evan McCormack
- Michele Millham
- Roger Nani
- Manjula Pandey
- John Parillo
- Gayatri Patel
- Douglas H. Pike
- Kyle Preston
- Adeline Pichard-Kostuch
- Kyle Rearick
- Todd Rearick
- Marco Ribezzi-Crivellari
- Gerard Schmid
- Jonathan Schultz
- Xinghua Shi
- Badri Singh
- Nikita Srivastava
- Shannon F. Stewman
- TR [email protected]
- T. R. Thurston
- Philip Trioli
- Jennifer Tullman
- Xin Wang
- Yen-Chih Wang
- Eric A. G. Webster
- Zhizhuo Zhang
- Jorge Zuniga
- Smita S. Patel
- Andrew D. Griffiths
- Antoine M. van Oijen
- Michael McKenna
- Matthew D. Dyer
- Jonathan M. Rothberg
13 Oct 2022: 186-192
NO ACCESS

Single-molecule peptide sequences are determined by N-terminal amino acid recognizers.

Abstract

Studies of the proteome would benefit greatly from methods to directly sequence and digitally quantify proteins and detect posttranslational modifications with single-molecule sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate single-molecule protein sequencing using a ...

Sentinel p16^INK4a+ cells in the basement membrane form a reparative niche in the lung

BY
- Nabora S. Reyes
- Maria Krasilnikov
- Nancy C. Allen
- Jin Young Lee
- Ben Hyams
- Minqi Zhou
- Supriya Ravishankar
- Monica Cassandras
- Chaoqun Wang
- Imran Khan
- Peri Matatia
- Yoshikazu Johmura
- Ari Molofsky
- Michael Matthay
- Makoto Nakanishi
- Dean Sheppard
- Judith Campisi
- Tien Peng
13 Oct 2022: 192-201
NO ACCESS

Mouse lung cells expressing a marker of senescence appear to promote regeneration after injury.

Abstract

We engineered an ultrasensitive reporter of p16^INK4a, a biomarker of cellular senescence. Our reporter detected p16^INK4a-expressing fibroblasts with certain senescent characteristics that appeared shortly after birth in the basement membrane adjacent to ...

Reviews

Cellular barcoding to decipher clonal dynamics in disease

BY
- Vijay G. Sankaran
- Jonathan S. Weissman
- Leonard I. Zon
14 Oct 2022
NO ACCESS

A review discusses how cellular barcoding can improve our understanding of cell dynamics in human health and disease.

Abstract

Cellular barcodes are distinct DNA sequences that enable one to track specific cells across time or space. Recent advances in our ability to detect natural or synthetic cellular barcodes, paired with single-cell readouts of cell state, have markedly ...

Reports

Direct identification of the charge state in a single platinum nanoparticle on titanium oxide

BY
- Ryotaro Aso
- Hajime Hojo
- Yoshio Takahashi
- Tetsuya Akashi
- Yoshihiro Midoh
- Fumiaki Ichihashi
- Hiroshi Nakajima
- Takehiro Tamaoka
- Kunio Yubuta
- Hiroshi Nakanishi
- Hisahiro Einaga
- Toshiaki Tanigaki
- Hiroyuki Shinada
- Yasukazu Murakami
13 Oct 2022: 202-206
NO ACCESS

Phase-shift analysis on the vacuum-protruding region of nanoparticles visualized slight positive and negative charging.

Abstract

A goal in the characterization of supported metal catalysts is to achieve particle-by-particle analysis of the charge state strongly correlated with the catalytic activity. Here, we demonstrate the direct identification of the charge state of individual ...

Mixed plastics waste valorization through tandem chemical oxidation and biological funneling

BY
- Kevin P. Sullivan
- Allison Z. Werner
- Kelsey J. Ramirez
- Lucas D. Ellis
- Jeremy R. Bussard
- Brenna A. Black
- David G. Brandner
- Felicia Bratti
- Bonnie L. Buss
- Xueming Dong
- Stefan J. Haugen
- Morgan A. Ingraham
- Mikhail O. Konev
- William E. Michener
- Joel Miscall
- Isabel Pardo
- Sean P. Woodworth
- Adam M. Guss
- Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Shannon S. Stahl
- Gregg T. Beckham
13 Oct 2022: 207-211
NO ACCESS

Autoxidation and biological funneling converts mixed plastics to a single product.

Abstract

Mixed plastics waste represents an abundant and largely untapped feedstock for the production of valuable products. The chemical diversity and complexity of these materials, however, present major barriers to realizing this opportunity. In this work, we ...

Polymeric multimaterials by photochemical patterning of crystallinity

BY
- Adrian K. Rylski
- Henry L. Cater
- Keldy S. Mason
- Marshall J. Allen
- Anthony J. Arrowood
- Benny D. Freeman
- Gabriel E. Sanoja
- Zachariah A. Page
13 Oct 2022: 211-215
NO ACCESS

Spatially synthesizing stiff and elastic domains from a single monomer forms robust synthetic plastics.

Abstract

An organized combination of stiff and elastic domains within a single material can synergistically tailor bulk mechanical properties. However, synthetic methods to achieve such sophisticated architectures remain elusive. We report a rapid, facile, and ...